A report assessing the implementation of peace agreements has revealed that key provisions of the Washington Peace Agreement continue to be ignored. Among the most critical is the dismantling of the FDLR armed group. The report urges the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) authorities to “urgently and without delay” accelerate actions aimed at dismantling this group.
Six months have passed since the Washington D.C. peace agreement was signed on 27 June 2025 by Rwanda’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe, and his DRC counterpart, Thérèse Kayikwamba.
However, an assessment report on the implementation of peace agreements in Africa, released in December 2025, indicates that no tangible progress has been made in implementing the Rwanda–DRC agreement.
The report, reviewed on Monday, 5 January 2026, shows that fighting continues in eastern DRC following the signing of the agreement. It also highlights delays in implementing the decision to dismantle the FDLR, as well as delays in lifting Rwanda’s defensive security measures.
The report further outlines recommendations directed at governments, urging the DRC to immediately accelerate joint operations aimed at dismantling the FDLR, in cooperation with the Joint Security Coordination Mechanism (JSCM), while ensuring sustained civilian protection in all areas concerned by the operation.
Additionally, the report calls on the Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo to consider measures to combat FDLR fighters with the involvement of MONUSCO, particularly in areas controlled by AFC/M23.
It recalls that similar strategies were successfully used in 2015, when operations against the FDLR were conducted through collaboration between the DRC and MONUSCO.
The report emphasizes that the DRC should not use the lack of control over certain territories as an excuse for failing to dismantle the FDLR, so that Rwanda will no longer have grounds to maintain its defensive security measures on the basis that “the FDLR has not been dismantled.”
Furthermore, the report urges the DRC to demonstrate concretely that there is no collaboration between FARDC and the FDLR, in order to rebuild trust and foster a positive climate between the two countries as they work toward resolving long-standing issues.
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