Gukorera igitaramo mu nyubako zizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga bisaba ingengo y’imari ihambaye. Uretse amafaranga yo gukodesha aho igitaramo kibera, abategura ibikorwa bagomba no guteganya ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, umutekano, abakozi n’izindi serivisi zituma igitaramo kigenda neza.
Mu ruganda rw’imyidagaduro, guhitamo inyubako izakira igitaramo ni kimwe mu byemezo bigira uruhare rukomeye ku ngengo y’imari y’igikorwa. Ibyo ntibishingira gusa ku mubare w’abafana ishobora kwakira, ahubwo harebwa n’ibikorwaremezo byayo, ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu gutanga amajwi n’amashusho, umutekano ndetse n’uburyo ishobora gutanga ubunararibonye bwihariye ku bitabiriye igitaramo.
Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, hari inyubako zizwiho kwakira ibitaramo by’abahanzi bakomeye, ariko ibiciro byo kuzikoresha ntibihora bitangazwa ku mugaragaro. Hari aho amafaranga agenwa bitewe n’ubwoko bw’igikorwa, igihe kizamara, umubare w’abazacyitabira n’ibikoresho bizakenerwa.
Dushingiye ku makuru yatangajwe n’ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye, ibigo bicunga inyubako n’andi masoko atangaza ibiciro byo gukodesha ahabera ibirori, dore zimwe mu nyubako zizwi, ibiciro byagiye bivugwa ku ikoreshwa ryazo ndetse n’abahanzi bakomeye bazitaramiye.
- Sphere – Las Vegas, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika
Sphere ni imwe mu nyubako zidasanzwe mu ruganda rw’imyidagaduro ku isi. Iherereye i Las Vegas muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ikaba izwi cyane kubera ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryifashishwa mu gutanga amashusho, amajwi n’ubundi bunararibonye ku bayigana.
Iyi nyubako ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu bagera ku 20,000, bitewe n’imiterere y’igikorwa. Imwe mu biranga Sphere ni urukuta runini rw’amashusho ya LED ruzengurutse inyubako, rutuma iba n’igikoresho gikomeye cyo kwamamaza no gutanga ubutumwa bugaragara kure.
Mu bahanzi n’amatsinda akomeye bagiye bahakorera ibitaramo harimo U2, Eagles, Metallica, Backstreet Boys, Phish, Dead & Company, Kenny Chesney na Zac Brown Band. U2 ni rimwe mu matsinda yamenyekanishije iyi nyubako mu bitaramo byayo byihariye, mu gihe Eagles na Backstreet Boys na bo bayikoreyemo ibitaramo byakurikiwe n’abakunzi babo.
Amakuru yatangajwe n’ibitangazamakuru byandika ku ikoranabuhanga agaragaza ko gukoresha igice cy’inyuma cy’iyi nyubako mu kwamamaza hifashishijwe amashusho ya LED bishobora kugera ku madolari ya Amerika 450,000 ku munsi, ahwanye na hafi miliyoni 667.8 Frw hakurikijwe igipimo cy’ivunjisha cyakoreshejwe mu mibare y’iyi nkuru.
Icyakora, aya mafaranga areba kwamamaza ku gice cy’inyuma cy’inyubako, ntabwo ari igiciro cyo gukodesha Sphere yose mu gitaramo. Igiciro nyacyo cyo gukoresha inyubako yose ntigitangazwa nk’umubare umwe uhoraho, bityo ntibikwiye gufatwa nk’aho kirenze miliyari imwe Frw hatabanje kuboneka amasezerano cyangwa amakuru yemejwe n’abayicunga.
- OVO Arena Wembley – London, Ubwongereza
OVO Arena Wembley ni imwe mu nyubako zizwi mu Bwongereza mu kwakira ibitaramo by’abahanzi mpuzamahanga, imikino n’ibindi bikorwa binini by’imyidagaduro.
Iherereye i London, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu bagera ku 12,500, bitewe n’uko urubuga n’imyanya y’abafana biteguwe.
Mu bahanzi bakomeye bagiye bayikoreramo ibitaramo harimo The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Queen, Madonna, Michael Jackson, David Bowie, Diana Ross, Led Zeppelin, Tina Turner, Bob Dylan, Cher, Janet Jackson, Kylie Minogue, Spice Girls na Take That.
Mu bahanzi bo mu bihe bya vuba na bo bahataramiye harimo BLACKPINK, Sam Fender na Janelle Monáe. Uru rutonde rugaragaza uko iyi nyubako yakomeje kwakira abahanzi bo mu njyana zitandukanye, kuva ku bahanzi b’ibyamamare mu mateka ya rock na pop kugeza ku bahanzi bakunzwe muri iki gihe.
Amakuru ku masoko akora mu gutanga ahabera ibirori agaragaza ko gukoresha iyi nyubako mu munsi w’igitaramo bishobora kugura hagati y’ibihumbi 35 na 60 by’amapawundi y’u Bwongereza. Iyo ayo mafaranga ahinduwe mu manyarwanda, angana na hafi miliyoni 69.2 kugeza kuri miliyoni 118.6 Frw.
Hari kandi amafaranga y’inyongera ashobora kwishyurwa ku minsi yo kwinjiza no gutegura ibikoresho mbere y’igitaramo. Igereranya ry’ibiciro ryagiye ritangazwa rigaragaza ko iyo minsi ishobora gutwara hagati ya miliyoni 24.7 na miliyoni 39.5 Frw.
Ibi ni ibigereranyo by’ibiciro byatangajwe ku masoko amwe n’amwe, si urutonde rw’ibiciro rwemejwe ko rukoreshwa kuri buri gitaramo. Amafaranga nyayo ashobora guhinduka bitewe n’amasezerano n’ibikenewe kuri buri gikorwa.
- BK Arena – Kigali, u Rwanda
Mu Rwanda, BK Arena ni imwe mu nyubako zifite uruhare rukomeye mu kwakira ibitaramo, imikino n’ibindi bikorwa bikomeye. Iherereye mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu bagera ku 10,000, bitewe n’imiterere y’igikorwa.
Iyi nyubako imaze kwakira ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo ibitaramo by’abahanzi nyarwanda n’abanyamahanga. Mu bahanzi mpuzamahanga bayikoreyemo ibitaramo harimo Kendrick Lamar, John Legend na Doja Cat, ndetse n’abandi bo muri Afurika barimo Davido, Tiwa Savage, Tyla, Zuchu, Rema, Ayra Starr na Kizz Daniel.
Mu bahanzi nyarwanda bahataramiye harimo The Ben, Bruce Melodie, Juno Kizigenza, Ariel Wayz, Bwiza, Riderman, Alyn Sano, Chriss Eazy, Kivumbi King na Logan Joe. Ibi bigaragaza uruhare BK Arena ifite mu guteza imbere umuziki nyarwanda no guhuza abahanzi bo mu Rwanda n’abo ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Amakuru yatangajwe na InyaRwanda ku biciro byagiye bikoreshwa mu gukodesha BK Arena agaragaza ko umunsi w’igitaramo washoboraga kugura hagati ya miliyoni 8 na miliyoni 10 Frw, mu gihe umunsi wo kwinjiza ibikoresho no gutegura igikorwa washoboraga kugura hagati ya miliyoni 3 na miliyoni 4 Frw.
Mu nkuru yatangajwe na The New Times muri Gicurasi 2026, Guy Hedderwick, Umuyobozi wa QA Venue Solutions Rwanda icunga BK Arena, yagaragaje ko igiciro gishobora kugera kuri miliyoni 10 Frw ku bikorwa bimwe na bimwe mpuzamahanga. Icyakora, yavuze ko amafaranga ashobora kuganirwaho bitewe n’ubwoko bw’igikorwa n’uburyo ubufatanye bushobora kugirira inyungu impande zombi.
Ibi bigaragaza ko gukodesha BK Arena bidafite igiciro kimwe gihoraho, ahubwo ko amafaranga agenwa harebwe ibyo uwateguye igikorwa akeneye n’amasezerano agirana n’abacunga inyubako.
- FNB Stadium – Johannesburg, Afurika y’Epfo
FNB Stadium, izwi kandi nka Soccer City, ni imwe muri stade nini kandi zizwi cyane muri Afurika. Iherereye i Johannesburg muri Afurika y’Epfo, ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu bagera ku 94,736.
Usibye kwakira imikino ikomeye, iyi stade yakiriye ibitaramo by’abahanzi bakomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Mu mazina yagiye agaragara mu bitaramo byayo harimo U2, Lady Gaga, Justin Bieber, Rihanna, Metallica, Bon Jovi, One Direction, Bruce Springsteen, Foo Fighters, Ed Sheeran na Neil Diamond.
Kuba stade ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu ibihumbi byinshi bituma iba ahantu hakurura abategura ibitaramo binini, cyane cyane ibiba bigamije guhuza abahanzi bakomeye n’imbaga y’abafana.
Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga yo kuyikodesha, nta giciro gihamye kandi gihora gitangazwa ku mugaragaro cyabonetse. Icyakora, amakuru yatangajwe mu bihe byashize ku bijyanye n’ibiciro byo gukoresha stade mu bitaramo binini yagaragaje ko amafaranga ashobora kugera kuri miliyoni 1.6 z’amarandi ya Afurika y’Epfo.
Iyo ayo mafaranga ahinduwe mu manyarwanda hakoreshejwe igipimo cy’ivunjisha cyakoreshejwe mu mibare y’iyi nkuru, angana na hafi miliyoni 152.3 Frw.
Icyakora, iyi mibare ni iyatangajwe mu 2022, bityo ntigomba gufatwa nk’igiciro gikoreshwa ubu. Byongeye kandi, amafaranga yo gukodesha stade ntaba ahwanye n’ingengo y’imari yose y’igitaramo, kuko hakenerwa n’ubundi buryo bwo gutegura no gucunga igikorwa.
- Wembley Stadium – London, Ubwongereza
Wembley Stadium ni imwe muri stade zizwi cyane ku isi. Iherereye i London mu Bwongereza, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu 90,000.
Yamenyekanye cyane mu kwakira imikino ikomeye, ariko inafite amateka akomeye mu ruganda rw’umuziki, aho yakiriye ibitaramo by’abahanzi mpuzamahanga bakomeye.
Mu bahanzi n’amatsinda yagiye ahakorera ibitaramo harimo Queen, David Bowie, Elton John, Paul McCartney, Madonna, Adele, Ed Sheeran, Taylor Swift, Bruce Springsteen, Coldplay, Oasis, Blur, Dua Lipa na Lana Del Rey.
Kimwe mu bitaramo byanditse amateka kuri iyi stade ni icya Queen muri Live Aid mu 1985. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, Wembley yakomeje kwakira ibitaramo by’abahanzi bakomeye, barimo Adele, Taylor Swift na Ed Sheeran, mu gihe Coldplay na Oasis na bo bagiye bahakorera ibitaramo byitabiriwe n’imbaga y’abafana.
Gukorera igitaramo muri Wembley bisaba igenamigambi n’ingengo y’imari ihambaye. Icyakora, amafaranga nyayo yo gukodesha stade yonyine ntatangazwa nk’igiciro rusange gihoraho.
Ibiciro byavuzwe ku bitaramo bikomeye bishobora kuba birimo amafaranga yo gukodesha, gutegura urubuga, ibikoresho, umutekano, abakozi n’izindi serivisi. Ni yo mpamvu bidakwiye gufata ingengo y’imari yose y’igitaramo nk’aho ari amafaranga yo gukodesha stade gusa.
Ni iki gituma gukoresha izi nyubako bihenze?
Amafaranga yo gukodesha inyubako ni kimwe mu bigize ingengo y’imari y’igitaramo. Abategura ibikorwa bagomba no guteganya ibindi bikenerwa kugira ngo igitaramo gikorwe ku rwego rwifuzwa.
Muri byo harimo:
- Umutekano: gucunga imbaga y’abantu, gusaka abinjira no kurinda abitabiriye igitaramo.
- Ikoranabuhanga: ibyuma by’amajwi, amatara, za ecran za LED n’ibindi bikoresho.
- Urubuga rw’igitaramo: kubaka no gutegura stage umuhanzi azakoreraho.
- Abakozi: abashinzwe tekiniki, isuku, kwakira abantu no gucunga ibikorwa.
- Ubwikorezi: gutwara ibikoresho, abakozi n’ibindi bikenerwa.
- Ubwishingizi n’impushya: ibyangombwa n’izindi serivisi zijyanye no gukora igikorwa mu buryo bwemewe kandi butekanye.
Ibi byose bishobora gutuma ingengo y’imari y’igitaramo iba nini cyane kurusha amafaranga yo gukodesha inyubako yonyine.
Inyubako nka Sphere, OVO Arena Wembley, BK Arena, FNB Stadium na Wembley Stadium zigaragaza uko uruganda rw’imyidagaduro rwateye imbere, aho ikoranabuhanga, ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu benshi n’ubunararibonye bw’abafana byabaye bimwe mu bipimo by’ingenzi.
Amazina y’abahanzi nka U2, Beyoncé, Kendrick Lamar, Madonna, Michael Jackson, Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Davido na John Legend agaragaza urwego rw’abahanzi bagiye bakoresha izi nyubako mu bitaramo byabo. Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, BK Arena na yo imaze kwakira abahanzi mpuzamahanga n’abo mu karere, inaha urubuga abahanzi nyarwanda rwo kugera ku bafana benshi.
Nubwo gukorera igitaramo ahantu hazwi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugera ku bafana benshi no guha umuhanzi izina ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bisaba ubushobozi bw’amafaranga, igenamigambi rirambuye n’imikoranire myiza n’abafatanyabikorwa.
Inkomoko y’amakuru: Iyi nkuru yakozwe hifashishijwe amakuru yatangajwe n’ibitangazamakuru n’amasoko atandukanye, birimo The New Times na InyaRwanda, ndetse n’amakuru ajyanye no gukodesha ahabera ibirori atangazwa na Hire Space, Gauteng na Invidis. Amakuru ku bahanzi bagiye bahataramira yakusanyijwe mu bitangazamakuru no mu makuru y’ibitaramo byagiye bitangazwa n’abategura ibikorwa n’abacunga izi nyubako. Imibare imwe ni ibiciro byatangajwe mu bihe byashize cyangwa ibigereranyo, si ibiciro byemejwe ko bikurikizwa ubu. Ibiciro bishobora guhinduka bitewe n’igihe, ubwoko bw’igikorwa n’amasezerano hagati y’abategura ibitaramo n’abacunga inyubako.
Jean de la Croix KUBWAYO
RADIOTV10