Imbwa zifashishwa na Polisi mu bikorwa binyuranye nko gusaka no gutahura ibitemewe, benshi bazibona ziri mu kazi, ariko ntibazi uko ziba zahawe ubumenyi zifashisha, n’uburyo zibayeho. Polisi y’u Rwanda yasobanuye byinshi kuri izi mbwa zihabwa amahugurwa mu byiciro bitatu.
Ushobora kuba warigeze kumva abantu bajya impaka ku nyito nyayo y’imbwa zikora akazi ka Polisi, hari abantu bamwe bahitamo kubiganiraho gusa bashaka gutebya cyangwa kwirengagiza ku bushake bwabo. Muri iyi nkuru tugiye kugaruka ku mikorere n’ubuzima bw’imbwa Polisi yifashisha mu gucunga umutekano (Canine).
Ku ruhande rumwe, birashoboka ko waba warabonye imbwa Polisi yifashisha icunga umutekano mu kazi ko gusaka haba kuri wowe cyangwa ku bandi, ariko wenda nta bumenyi bwinshi uzifiteho mu by’ukuri. Reka dufate akanya dusobanukirwe byinshi ku buzima zibayeho, uko zikora akazi ndetse n’uburyo bushimishije bujyanye n’uko zitozwa kumenyerana no kwiyumvamo abapolisi bazikoresha.
Imbwa zifashishwa mu kazi ko gucunga umutekano hari igihe zishobora kugaragara nk’iziguteye ubwoba bwo kuba zagusagarira, nyamara ni inshuti, zigira isuku n’ubwenge bwo gutahura impumuro (kureha), yaba iyawe cyangwa ibyo ufite (ibyiza cyangwa ibibi) kandi ibyo ziba zarabitojwe, ku bw’umutekano wawe.
Amavu n’amavuko y’Ishami rya Polisi ryifashisha imbwa mu gucunga umutekano
Ubwo Polisi y’u Rwanda yashingwaga ku wa 16 Kamena 2000, amwe mu mashami yari akenewe cyane bitewe n’urwego ibyaha bakorwaga byariho kuri icyo gihe, harimo n’Ishami rya Polisi ryifashisha imbwa mu gucunga umutekano (Canine Brigade) ryahise ritangizwa muri uwo mwaka.
Bigarukwaho n’Umuyobozi w’iri shami, Chief Superintendent of Police (CSP) Faustin Kalimba, avuga ku miterere, inshingano n’imikorere y’Ishami rya Polisi rikoresha imbwa mu gucunga umutekano.
Yagize ati: “Bitewe n’amateka y’igihugu cyacu n’imiterere y’ibyaha byakorwaga nyuma y’urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, hari hakenewe akazi kadasanzwe, gakorwa n’imbwa mu gutahura ibyaha; ari nayo mpamvu hashyizweho umutwe ukoresha imbwa mu gucunga umutekano (Canine Brigade), wakoreraga icyo gihe mu Ishami ry’Ubugenzacyaha (CID).
Twatangiriye ku mbwa eshatu gusa zifashishwaga mu gutahura ibiyobyabwenge ndetse n’abapolisi batatu bari baratorejwe kuzikoresha.”
Polisi yaje kuwongerera imbaraga ugirwa Ishami ryihariye nyuma yo kuwuzamurira ubushobozi, burimo no kubona imbwa nyinshi no guhugura abapolisi benshi mu kuzikoresha.
Kuri ubu, Ishami rifite ubushobozi bwo gutahura ahari ibiyobyabwenge n’ibisasu hifashishijwe ubwoko butandukanye bw’imbwa zikorera ku mipaka, ku kibuga cy’indege no mu nama cyangwa ibirori bitandukanye bibera mu gihugu.
CSP Kalimba akomeza agira ati: “Byamaze kugaragara ko bidashoboka gukwepa imbwa, n’ubwo umuntu ashobora kugerageza guhisha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibisasu. Bitewe n’uko imbwa imwe yatojwe neza iba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi kakorwa n’abapolisi bagera kuri 50 kandi mu gihe gito cyane; ibyo bituma zigira umwihariko mu kazi zikora gatuma uruhare rwazo ari ngombwa cyane ku mutekano w’igihugu.”
Ibijyanye n’amahugurwa
Kugira ngo imbwa nshya yinjizwe mu kazi, igomba kunyura mu byiciro bitandukanye by’amahugurwa. Ku cyiciro cya mbere ni aho zitozwa cyane mu gihe gito hagamijwe kumenya ubushobozi bwazo kugira ngo hamenyekane icyo buri mbwa izakora haba gutahura ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibinyabutabire bishobora gukorwamo ibiturika. Ku cyiciro cya kabiri zitozwa kumvira, kwirinda guhindura imico n’ibibazo bijyanye n’imyitwarire.
CSP Kalimba ati: “Amahugurwa zihabwa yo kumvira, aziha ubushobozi bwo kubaha uyikoresha, akayigisha kumva no gukurikiza amabwiriza. Muri macye, uru rwego rwo kumvira rufasha imbwa kwishima no gutuma ibasha kuyoborwa.”
Icyiciro cya gatatu ari nacyo cya nyuma ni amahugurwa ikorana n’umuyobozi wayo uzayikoresha, hagamijwe kuyitoza kumumenyera no guhuza nawe.
Ati: “Kuri iki cyiciro; umupolisi n’imbwa azakoresha bagirana umubano ukomeye kandi bakabana nk’abasangiye umurimo mu kazi kose kari mu nshingano zabo. Imbwa imenyera uwo mupolisi umwe gusa ku bijyanye no gukora akazi, niwe uyikoresha kandi ntishobora gukora mu gihe itari kumwe nawe. Mu gihe uyikoresha ahawe izindi nshingano, bisaba ko ihabwa andi mahugurwa yo kuyihuza n’undi mupolisi. Birumvikana ko hariho iyo miterere mu myitwarire, urukundo no kumvira bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mbwa mu gihe uwayikoreshaga atari hafi.
Imbwa zatojwe zishobora gutahura ibiyobyabwenge nk’urumogi, heroyine, kokayine n’ibindi, bigafasha mu kugaragaza abacyekwaho kubicuruza ndetse n’ababa bafite ibisasu.”
Uko imbwa zihembwa
Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’abahanga mu bya siyansi, guhemba imbwa ku murimo runaka ikoze biyitera imbaraga zo guhora iwukora. Gusobanukirwa rero ibyo ikunda n’ibiyishimisha ni iby’ingenzi.
Chief Inspector of Police (CIP) Michel Twagiramungu, umwarimu mu Ishami rikoresha imbwa zifashishwa mu gucunga umutekano, avuga y’uko mu rwego rwo gushimira imbwa, zihabwa agapira kandi ko kayishimisha ku kazi yakoze neza kandi ni kimwe mu bituma irushaho kukubaha bigatuma ikora ibyo ushaka n’ikindi gihe.
Gutahura ibibujijwe n’amategeko
Mu bikorwa byo gusaka, iyo imbwa ibonye ko hari ibitemewe; birimo ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibisasu mu gace runaka, imyitwarire yayo irahinduka cyane; yongera umuvuduko n’imbaraga mu gihe cyo kubishakisha ari nako igenda yegera aho igisakwa giherereye kugeza igihe ifashe ikoresheje ukuboko, ku muzigo urimo ikibujijwe cyangwa se igasutama iruhande rw’umuzigo cyangwa ahantu nyaho icyo kintu cyasakwaga kiri. Ikintu cya mbere umupolisi uyikoresha akora ni ukuyishimira akazi keza ikoze mbere y’uko ikomeza akandi kazi.”
Imibereho y’imbwa zifashishwa mu gusaka
Imbwa zifashishwa mu kazi zikenera kwitabwaho cyane. Hari inzobere zifite ubuhanga buhanitse zirimo abaganga, abazigaburira n’abita ku isuku n’imibereho myiza yazo muri rusange.
CIP Dr. Robert Mugabe, umuganga ukurikiranira hafi ubuzima bw’imbwa yagarutse ku bijyanye n’uko imibereho n’isuku yazo byitabwaho.
Ati: “Buri gihe dusuzuma ubuzima bwazo kandi tukazigaburira dukurikije ibilo byazo, ubuzima bwazo n’imirire byitabwaho cyane. Zirya rimwe mu masaha 24, kandi buri mbwa irya hafi amagarama 500.”
Ishami rifite ivuriro, aho imbwa zivurirwa ririmo imiti y’ibanze yifashishwa mu kuvura no gukumira indwara zafata imbwa; aho inyinshi mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara ari izikomoka ku kuba zaryana ubwazo zigaterana ibikomere, icyo gihe zikorerwa ubuvuzi.
CIP Dr. Mugabe akomeza avuga ati: “Isuku yazo nayo iri mu byitabwaho buri gihe, aho imbwa zozwa hifashishijwe isabune y’amazi yabugenewe. Ubuzima bwazo n’imyitwarire bigenzurwa mu mwitozo ukorwa mu gitondo mu gihe cyagenwe cy’amasaha abiri buri munsi.”
CIP Dr. Mugabe avuga kandi ko uramutse ugumishije imbwa mu nzu ntisohoke waba uteje intambara y’amaraso, bityo ko imbwa nazo zihabwa ikiruhuko cy’akazi. Mu gihe uyikoresha ahawe ikiruhuko cy’akazi, imbwa nayo ibona ikiruhuko.
Ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru
Imbwa zifashishwa mu kazi ko gucunga umutekano kimwe n’abapolisi, zifite imyaka zitangiriraho ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru. Imbwa zisaka ibiyobyabwenge, bitewe n’aho zikorera, zitangira ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru hagati y’imyaka 9 na 10 y’akazi naho izisaka ibisasu zigakora akazi hagati y’imyaka 8 na 9.
Gukorera hanze y’u Rwanda
Imbwa zifashishwa mu gucunga umutekano ntizikoreshwa mu Rwanda gusa kuko ari zimwe mu zifashishwa no mu kazi gakorwa n’inzego z’umutekano i Cabo Delgado muri Mozambique, aho izi nzego zitanga umusanzu wo kurwanya ibikorwa by’iterabwoba by’umutwe wa Ansar al Sunnah wal Jama’a wari warayogoje ako gace kuri ubu wamaze gucika intege.
CSP Kalimba avuga ko inyinshi mu mbwa zagiye zivanwa hanze cyane cyane mu bihugu by’u Bwongereza n’u Buholandi ariko ko kuri ubu hatangiye umushinga wo kuzororera hano mu Rwanda.”
Yasobanuye kandi ko Polisi y’u Rwanda iteganya kwagura ibikorwa aho bikenewe mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu no gutangira gukoresha imbwa zizifashishwa mu kurwanya ibiza nko gutahura abantu bagwiriwe n’inzu, imikingo cyangwa abatembanywe n’imyuzure kimwe no gushakisha abakurikiranyweho ibyaha nk’ubujura.
Ivomo: Urubuga-Polisi
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